The author is revealing the cultural-historical and socio-political aspects of the Middle Eastern Muslim countries development. These aspects determine and justify many political processes which take place in the region in the modern period along with the political and legal peculiarities of the majority of the Eastern Arab countries. The performed analysis allows to make a conclusion that Islamic principles almost coincide with the “western-democratic” ones when it’s referred to the sovereignty of people, equality, freedom and separation of powers.

the Middle East, «Arab spring», Arab republics, political system, Islam, traditions, Democracy, political institutions